Salem Brewery Ass'n. letterhead - image

 

History of the Salem Brewery Association
(1902-1933)
Sicks' Brewing Company
(1933-1953)


Samuel Adolph founded the first Salem brewery in 1866. His "Pacific Brewery" was located on the south side of Trade Street, between Cottage and Church. When Adolph's brewery burned in 1869, he rebuilt and named it the "Salem Brewery" but relocated to the southeast corner of Trade and Commercial, three blocks west from his old location.

The July 1878 Salem Business Directory stated:
"Salem Brewery - Best Beer in the City - by quart, gallon, or keg. Commercial Street, near the covered bridge."  The only other locally made beer was from Louis Westacott's "Pioneer Brewery" - but there was plenty of competition from Portland.


Capital Brewery
(1885-1902)

 
In 1885 Adolph sold the brewery to two of his employees, Maurice Klinger and Seraphin Beck. They then renamed it the "Capital Brewery" - shown in the photo below. Later, the partners purchased a lot across the street on the northeast corner of Trade and Commercial (268 South Commercial St.) where they constructed a larger brewery that, by 1891, had an annual output of 3,500 barrels. As late as 1899 the new facility produced mainly draught beer, but also had a small bottling plant behind the brewery which could bottle three or four barrels in ten hours. They also had an attached saloon for locals to enjoy the freshest "Salem Beer" at 5¢ a glass.

Capital Brewery personnel c.1895 - image  
 
Seraphin Beck is 4th from the left and Maurice Klinger is shown at far right.


Capital Brewery & Ice Works letterhead - image
Bill head for Mrs. Beck's Capital Brewery & Ice Works, c.1901 - brewery close-up

 

Seraphin Beck died in early 1900, at which time the partnership of Klinger & Beck was dissolved and the property sold at public auction.  Beck's widow, Margaret retained the property with a $29,000 bid. She operated the "Capital Brewery & Ice Works" (see above) as a sole proprietor until selling out in June of 1902 for the sum of $75,000.
The purchase was made by Leopold F. Schmidt (of the Olympia Brewing Company) through his agent, Stanislaus T. Zynda, of Whatcom, WA. Zynda spent the previous three years as superintendent of Whatcom Brewing & Malting, departing upon that brewery's takeover by Schmidt's Bellingham Bay Brewery in April of '02.


Salem Brewery Association
(1902-1915)


In July of 1902, a new corporation was formed with L. F. Schmidt, president; S. T. Zynder, secretary and manager; and E. Eckerlin, treasurer. Both Frank G. Deckebach, and Kola Neis, were also a major stockholders and would become office holders in the firm. The new company immediately set about to increase the capacity of the plant to 10,000 barrels/year, to double the capacity of the ice plant, and to add a bottling house with a capacity of 150 dozen/day. With the addition of a Southern Pacific rail head and the plant upgrades, Schmidt proceeded to make the old "Capital Brewery & Ice Works" the center piece of his new "Salem Brewery Assn."

Stanislaus Zynda also served as the plant's brewmaster until his departure in 1904. He was succeeded by Charles Scholl. Zynda relocated to Juneau, AK where he became the proprietor of that city's Eagle Brewery, then two years later purchasing the brewery and establishing the Alaska Brewing & Malting Co.
 

Pre-pro Salem Beer label - image

To supervise this new branch operation, Schmidt sent one of his most trusted associates, Frank M. Kenney, who had been Olympia's secretary. Kenney became the brewery president, with Frank Deckebach, vice-president. In 1906 the brewery's secretary was William Schuldt, but with the startup of the Acme Brewing Company in 1907, Schuldt was sent to San Francisco to oversee that operation as secretary/manager. Accompanying Schult was a young graduate of the Wahl-Henius Brewing Institute, J.P. Rettenmayer, who had been with the firm for only four months. Kenney and Deckebach continued to manage the plant until state-wide Prohibition closed the brewery in 1915.

Salamander Brau label - imageTheir flagship brand remained "Salem Beer," brewed with locally grown hops. They also made another beer called "Salamander Braü" with a Germanic style label (right). This alludes to the drinking ritual of German university students called "rubbing the salamander." Drinkers of the day would have understood the reference, but here's an explanation from John McGregor:

The word "salamander," in this case, is derived from the term "Sauft alle mit einander" (All drink together). However, the word Sauft means more than just drink; it is one of those over the top words meaning "get sloshed" or "guzzle." To have a Rubbing of the Salamander ("einem einen Salamander reiben") proposed to you is evidently considered a great honor. As the leader, or toast giver, proposes to honor a guest or special person, all stand and lift their steins at the words of the leader, "Ad exercitium salamandris praeparatiestisne?" (Are you prepared to do the salamander?) The drinkers say in unison, "Sumus" (we are). The leader further orders, "Salamandes inciptur, eins, zwei, drei," (Begin the salamander, one, two, three) and each drinker rubs his stein on the table three times. The leader further instructs them with, "Bibte eins, zwei, drei" (Drink up, one, two, three) and all steins are emptied in unison to the count one, two, three. They are then rattled on the table till the leader once again says, "Eins, zwei..." (one, two...) and all steins are held still until the leader says,"Drei!" (three) whereupon all bang their steins on the table.
A variation of this is the "Trauersalamander." All done as before, except the steins are "rubbed" in the air and they are stopped before striking the table. A silent, solemn ceremony honoring a departed brother."


The afore mentioned principal, Kola Neis was in partnership with William Faber, founder of the Albany Brewing Co. The Faber & Neis Co. was a hop brokerage firm. Neis was also vice president of the Albany Brewery. In 1905, William Faber suddenly died - at the early age of 48. Neis then became administer of the partnership estate.

In 1906, the Albany City Council voted to ban beer and alcohol sales, and with the loss of Faber, Neis chose to liquidated the two companies. As a principal in the Salem Brewery, Neis was able to broker a deal for the purchase of the Albany Brewing Company which would then be used as its southern Oregon branch. The Albany Brewery had an annual output of 8,000 barrels which could still be shipped into the northern California market, plus an ice plant that could produce six tons of ice per day. However, the Association later chose to utilize the Albany equipment in its expansion of the Salem plant, and the Albany Brewery was subsequently closed in 1908.

About the same time that the Albany plant was purchased, Leopold was looking at a possible presence in Northern California. In May of 1908 he was in Redding looking at property, and the following month the Western Brewer reported that the Salem Brg. Ass'n. was beginning construction of a brewery there. Apparently the Redding project was soon abandoned and instead, a Beer Depot was established. Joseph Hoefer, who was the Weiland & Fredericksburg agent & bottler, was chosen to bottle and distribute "Salem Beer" in the Redding area.Salem Bottling House -  image
 
With the Albany and Shasta plants closed, the company concentrated on the main plant.  Doubling the size of the Salem ice plant enabled them to provide hygienic ice made from distilled water for family use, and cheaper ice to be made for cold storage.

Salem Brewery c.1910 - image
Construction was started on a new brewhouse in 1910 followed by a lagering (cellar) building, modern cooker, kettle and tanks. They also added a larger bottling works (above-right).

By 1912 the Salem Brewery had been enlarged to a four story structure (left), and with their new building and equipment the Salem Brewery became one of the most modern on the West coast, with triple the capacity of the old plant.

 

Salem Beer etched  glass, c. 1905 -  image
etched glass, c. 1905
Salem Brewery Assn. beer stein, c.1907 - image
stein, c. 1907
Salem Beer etched glass, c. 1907 -  image
etched glass, c.1907


1st Salem Beer tray - image
1st tray - the "Green Salem"
c.1903

Salem Brg. assn. oval beer tray -  image
oval tray - Portland office

Salem Beer tip tray -  image
tip tray by Meek -
stock image

 

Calling card of Paul L. Schmidt, Salem Brg. Ass'n. - image
Leopold's nephew, Paul Louis Schmidt (son of Leopold's younger brother Louis), also became involved in the family business. He earned his Master Brewer's certificate at the Wahl-Henius Brewing Institute of Chicago in 1910. In October of 1913, he went to Salem,
and soon assumed duties as brewer and superintendent of the brewery. His assistant brewmaster was Marcel Gehres, who also received his training in 1910 - from the same institute.

While the City of Salem adopted the "local option" and voted to go "Dry" in 1909, the brewery was not required to close. Beer could still be sold outside the City limits. However, in early 1914 further limitations were imposed. The Association then moved to Portland where warehouses were established, but in November of 1914 state-wide Prohibition was approved. The Salem Brewery Ass'n. ceased brewery operations on 31 May 1915, four and a half years before national Prohibition.

When Prohibition was approved in November of 1914, Frank Deckebach and Kola Neis took steps to continue production. They partitioned the ice works and cold storage facilities from the brewery to convert it to a creamery. The new operation was called the "Marion Creamery & Produce Co."
 

Northwest Fruit Products Company
(1915-1920)

Salem Brewery, c.1917 - image
Salem Brewery, c.1917

Loju ad c.1917 - imageIn June of 1915, the Salem Brewery Association incorporated the remainder of the plant as a division of Olympia's "Northwest Fruit Products Company" and that year began marketing a loganberry fruit juice called "Loju." By the end of 1915 it was being distributed as far as California and the Southwest.

However, more problems were to befall the Salem plant. Due to the war in Europe the Food Administration imposed a severe limitation on the use of sugar by less essential food products, which included soft drinks. This limitation failed to ease the sugar shortage, and in the latter part of 1918, a meeting was held by government officials for the purpose of declaring the soft drink industry non-essential and ordering it to be closed. By October of 1920 the company was dissolved.

Deckebach and Neis' "Marion Creamery" continued operating until the entire plant was purchased in 1933. The creamery business was then moved across the street and carried on as before.


Salem Brewery Association
(1933-1943)

 

Salem Brewery 1940 - photo
Salem Brewery c.1940                  courtesy of Brewmaster, E. R. Kunney


Salem Brewery Assn. letterhead c.1943 - image

 
After Repeal in 1933, the Salem Brewery Association re-incorporated, but no longer as a holding of the Olympia Brewing Company. However, it was purchased by a member of the Schmidt family. Leopold's second son, Frank T. Schmidt took over the Salem brewery as president. He earned his Master Brewer certification on 31 March, 1905, but chose to hire a brewmaster and devote his time to the business end of the company.

This was a period of economic adversity, but the company managed to hang on as a regional brewer. In addition to his flagship "Salem Beer" (below), Frank produced a "Schmidt's Salem Beer." Three variations of this label are known:  the brown bear (below), a black bear, and a white bear - probably to differentiate three different styles of beer. However, he must not have marketed the Schmidt brand heavily since only a couple of old bottles are known to exist with these labels (one black bear & one white bear), nor are there any promotional items known that show the bear motif.

Salem Beer label, c. 1934 - image
Label copyright 1934

Schmidt' Beer label from Salem Brewery Assn. - image
limited brand - registered in 1934

This scarcity may also due to the fact that the brand was not widely distributed, and was no doubt gone by 1937. It was that year that Frank Schmidt lost control of his brewery and returned to Tumwater. There he worked in the Bottling Shop of his family's Olympia Brewery until his death in 1948. 

Frank's brewmaster also left in '37. By March his position had been filled by Ernest R. Kunney, a German born brewer previously with the Rainier Brewing Co. of San Francisco. He recalled that upon his arrival the brewery was dealing with a "wild beer" problem. As he explained it: 

"When you opened a bottle it foamed over the top. The cause was a damaged tank lining, we first patched then replaced it.  Because of that problem, sales had suffered markedly."

Even when problems are corrected, bad reputations are difficult to live down and lost patrons rarely return.

After Schmidt's departure, the new management attempted to generate additional business with some new products. In 1938 they introduced both the "Polar Brew," and "Victory Club" brands of beer. With the outbreak of the war they dropped "Club" in favor of just "Victory Beer."

Salem Brewery's Victory Club beer label - image

Salem Brewery's Victory Beer label - image

They also marketed a "Yankee Beer" for a short while. Another brand from this period was "Balco Beer," but rather than a Salem brand it was a contract brew for a market chain. They also made "Columbia Club" for a Portland beer distributor.

Supporting your local businesses apparently wasn't a concept at this time - as 82% of the beer consumed in Oregon was from out-of-state. Consequently, new management and a few new brands was not enough to gain market share on the imports, and the brewery remained in financial difficulties.

Bauer-Schweitzer letterhead - image

In August of 1938, San Francisco interests took over the management of the brewery. This was the firm of Bauer & Schweitzer, a major supplier for breweries, who were a majority creditor/investor in the brewery. But their new president, Louis Lachman, was no more successful in getting the business back on firm financial footing. Lachman was a hop broker, and no doubt another creditor. In January of 1940, George Stackman announced the withdrawal of the San Francisco backers and he assumed control of the firm.

The 1942 City Directory listed the Salem Brewery Assn. with its officers as George W. Stackman, president; Rene Besse, vice-president and general manager; and Ernest R. Kunney, brewmaster. Ernest was also the secretary-treasurer as well as a director of the brewery, having been elected to these positions in 1939.

Salem was also one of the few brewers who contracted to brew Brown Derby for the Safeway market chain before WWII. They both canned and bottled Brown Derby. See example of can in close-up (below) and with other cans further below.

When the Rose City Brewing Co. of Portland closed in 1940 the Salem Brg. Assn. acquired the rights to their "Gambrinus" and "Beaver State" brands of beer. In a 1942 photo of the firm's office (below) you can make out five of their products on the counter behind E. R. Kunney, brewmaster (left) and G. W. Stackman, pres. (seated).

Kunney & Stackman, Salem Brewery - photo
Salem office

Salem Brewery beer display c.1942 - image
close-up

Brewmaster Kunney in Salem Brewery lab - photo
Brewmaster in brewery lab

Another opportunity to increase Salem's production came in '42 from the Silver Springs Brewing Co. of Port Orchard, WA. Since Silver Springs didn't have a canning line they contracted with Salem to produce and can their "Oldstyle Pale Export." This product was already in the Portland market, but only in bottles. An example of this rare can can be seen in the close-up (above) and again below. The arrangement was short lived since the Salem Brewery was soon to have new management.

The brewery struggled on, with the added burden of increased war time restrictions and rationing. Finally, in October 1943, the brewery was sold.


Salem Breweriana

Salem Beer sign by Gillco - image
Back- bar lights by Gillco of Philadelphia, PA - c.1935.

2nd Salem Beer sign by Gillco - image
Affectionately referred to as "cab lights" by collectors.

 

Lighted Salem Beer sign - image
lighted, box sign

 

Salem Brewery's Brown Derby & Oldstyle Beer cans - image
Brown Derby & Oldstyle beer cans with opening instructions


"Salem Beer" bottle opener - image

This opener clearly shows that the Salem Brewery is no longer a branch of Olympia.   To counter Olympia's famous slogan: 
"It's the Water," they used: "It's the Beer"

Salem Beer coaster - image
beer coaster

1940 ad for Salem Premium Lager - image
  Newspaper ad shows updated Salem Beer label, c.1940.


 

Sicks' Brewing Company
Sicks' Brewing Co. letterhead, c.1946 - image

Sicks' Brewing Company
(1943-1953)
 

In October of 1943, Emil Sick bought the Salem Brewery Association, and on 1 January, 1944, the plant was renamed the Sicks' Brewing Company. This coincided with the renaming of Sicks' Seattle Brewing and Malting Company - referred to as "Seabrew" by insiders.

The new Salem branch was completely renovated, and repainted in silver and blue. Additionally, production improvements, in the form of new storage tanks, doubled its previous capacity, and a new bottling plant (below) enabled filling 2000 cases per day. The modernized brewery then commenced production of the "Sicks' Select" brand of beer. This brands was also being produced for the Seattle market in the old Horluck Brewery, purchased by Sick in 1939, and renamed the Century Brewery.
 

Sicks' Salem Brewery bottling plant - image
Bottling plant photo, c.1952

Emil Sick and his father, managed their brewing empire out of Lethbridge, Alberta, and with the promise of Repeal, moved into the U.S. market. They first bought breweries in Great Falls and Missoula, Mountana, then moved on to Washington state with Spokane, and Seattle. Now they had a presence in Oregon.

Floyd W. Shepard, of Lethbridge, received an offer from Emil to come to the U.S. and join them, which he did in November 1933. Floyd was then made co-manager of "Seabrew," and with the 1939 acquisition of the Horluck Brewery, manager of that plant as well.

With the 1943 purchase of the Oregon plant, Floyd moved his family to Salem and  relieved Rene Besse as manager of the Sicks' Brewing Company. He occupied this position until December of 1951 when the company's board of directors promoted him to executive vice president of the firm. He was placed in charge of sales, with offices to be located in Portland.

Brewmaster, John A. Meyer was also involved in the initial phases of the Salem plant. Originally from Minneapolis, he moved to Canada as a boy. He later joined the Edmonton Brewery and worked there until 1942. That year he studied brewing at the Siebel Institute in Chicago, which was followed followed by a six month stint as asst. brewmaster at Seabrew prior to assuming the duties of brewmaster in Salem.Sicks' Brewing Co. business card - image

In 1949, Steve A. Tabacchi replaced John A. Meyer as Salem's brewmaster. A native of Lethbridge, Steve had family connections with the Sicks' which enabled him to gain a position at Seabrew when he emigrated in 1934. After completing the brewmaster course at the Wahl-Henius Institute in Chicago in 1938, Steve returned to Seabrew as an asst. brewmaster, and nine years later was elected president of the Northwestern District of the Master Brewers Assoc. of America.

Upon, Shepard's 1951 promotion and move to Portland, Steve was named general manager of the Salem brewery.

Sick's Brewing Company - Salem, OR 1952 - image
Sicks' Brewing Co., c.1952

Tabacchi's supervision of the plant was cut short when Emil Sick closed his Salem branch in June of 1953. Seventy people had been on the payroll of the plant, which produced 75,000 barrels - 27 million bottles - yearly. It was said that Salem lost a good industry and a good beer.

With the sale of the San Francisco Rainier Brewery to the Theo. Hamm Brewing Co. later that same year, Sick was finally able to obtain sole rights to the Rainier brand. He had been trying acquire rights to the brand since his 1935 licensing agreement with Rainier CEO, Louis Hemrich.

His 1935 agreement gave him the right to market Rainier in the northwest, but not in Oregon. Sick later admitted that he would not have closed the Salem brewery had he foreseen the successful acquisition of the famous "Rainier" mark, and the ability to grow the brand in Oregon.

With the closing of the plant, Steve Tabacchi then established a Sicks' distributorship, marketing "Brew 66," "Rainier Beer," and "Sicks' Select," and was able to utilize the brewery buildings for his office and warehouse. However, in September 1955, a little more than two years after brewing was terminated, the four story Salem landmark was razed.


Sicks' Select and Brew 66 Breweriana

Sicks' Select Beer can - image

Sicks' Select Beer label - image

The graphics on the can above had been used since 1943, and in 1948 Emil Sick decided to give the label a new look. He hired Walter Landor of San Francisco, who came up with the design shown on the label above (right).

This was Landor's first work with a beer label and it earned him a design award in '48. The following year Landor re-designed the famous, red "R" on the Rainier label. Landor went on to work on other brewer's labels and in '57 he modified Lucky Lager's distinctive red "X" brand.


Sicks' Select back-bar "chalk" - c.1950

Brew 66 ball tap knob - image
chrome, ball tap knob - c.1952

Brew 66 FT beer can - image

In late-1950, Sick's Century brewmaster formulated a new product called "Brew 66," which was then test marketed in the Seattle area. In March of '51 the new brand was launched and production commenced at both the Century Brewery and the Salem plant - this time sporting its own new label designed for the roll-out (seen on the can above).

When the Salem plant was closed in 1953, the Century Brewery became the "Home of Brew 66." 

In 1956, production of "Brew 66" was shifted to the main plant on Airport Way, now doing business as Sicks' Rainier Brewing Co., and the "Sicks' Select" brand was discontinued.

 



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Salem Brewery Items For Sale

Sick's Select pilsner beer glass, c.1944 -  image

Two different "Sicks' Select" Beer glasses, c.1940s.  Go to GLASSES


 

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

  • Special thanks to Schmidt family member Paul Secord for historical data and the Schmidt calling card.
  • To Bryan Anderson for scans of the 1911 letterhead (that I'm using as the page header), labels and the Gillco "cab light" image.
  • To Pat Franco for the other "cab light" image.
  • To Chuck Smay of the Polk Co. Historical Soc. for the photo of the Salamander label.
  • To Mike Magnussen for the Salem Beer lighted box sign, and Sicks' Select chalk.
  • To Bill Mugrage for the image of the new Bottling House.
  • To Worth Mathewson for the billhead from Mrs. Beck's Capital Brewery & Ice Works.
  • To Steve Tabacchi for his father's story and related Sicks' history.
  • To Dave Unwin for the image of the brewery, c.1917.
  • To Jeff Henry for the 1946 Sicks' Brewing Co. letterhead.
  • And a big thanks to Ernest Kunney (brewmaster 1937-1943) for providing insights into his pre-war activities with the brewery, and for his photos of the brewery.
      

  For any comments, additions, or corrections - or if you have items for sale - please contact me:

Gary@BreweryGems.com
 

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